Development of an Impression Material with Antimicrobial Properties for Dental Application

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Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity and physico‐mechanical properties of an irreversible hydrocolloid in which nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO3) was added at various concentrations (0% ‐ control, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% by weight).Materials and Methods: The agar diffusion method (n = 10) was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect on the following species: Streptococcus mutans, Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The gelation time, flow capacity and plastic deformation were verified (n = 10). The data were analyzed using the Kruskal‐Wallis test followed by the Dunn post‐test, or via one‐way ANOVA with multiple comparisons with a Bonferroni adjustment depending on the distribution (α = 0.05).Results: All percentages of the nanomaterial were able to promote the antimicrobial activity of a hydrocolloid, with the formation of an inhibition zone (p < 0.05). In general, there was a dose‐dependent effect on antimicrobial activity: higher concentrations of the nanomaterial promoted greater action except in the cases of P. aeruginosa (p < 0.001; F = 51.74) and S. aureus (p < 0.001), where the highest inhibition was for the 2.5% group. No difference was found in the gelation time when the control was compared with the groups with AgVO3 (p > 0.05). The difference was between the 5% and 10% groups (p = 0.007), and the latter promoted an increase in time. The flow capacity of the hydrocolloid with 5% of AgVO3 was significantly lower when compared with the control (p = 0.034). The AgVO3 influenced the plastic deformation (p < 0.001) in such a way that concentrations of 5% (p = 0.010) and 10% (p < 0.001) promoted an increase in this property when compared with the control.Conclusions: AgVO3 can be incorporated into an irreversible hydrocolloid as an antimicrobial agent without promoting adverse effects on physical‐mechanical properties when used in concentrations of 2.5%.
Funding Information
  • Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2014/25793‐6)
  • Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (001)

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