Generalized classical axially symmetric dual-reflector antennas

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Abstract
This work presents a generalized study of classical axially symmetric dual-reflector antennas. The antenna dishes are simply described by conic sections, arranged to reduce the main-reflector radiation toward the subreflector surface. The dual-reflector configuration provides a uniform-phase field distribution over the illuminated portion of the aperture, starting from a spherical-wave feed source at the antenna primary focus. All possible configurations are characterized into a total of four distinct groups. Simple closed-form design equations and the aperture field distribution are derived, in a unified way, for all these kinds of generalized antennas using the principles of geometrical optics. The formulation is applied in a parametric study to establish the configurations yielding maximum radiation efficiency (not including diffraction effects). The design procedure is exemplified in the synthesis of a novel configuration, which is further analyzed by the moment method.