A vertebrate fauna, referred here to the Famennian, has been discovered in the red sandstone which forms the base of the Upper Antalya Nappe (Western Lycian Taurus), Turkey). This Fauna consists of placoderms (Ptyctodontida, Holonernatidae, Groenlandaspididae, Bothriolepididae, Phyllolepida), elasmobranchs («Cladodus»), acanthodians (Ischnacanthiformes), osteolepiforms (Megalichthyinae) and lungfishes (Dipterus , ? Oervigivia). The presence of phyllolepids indicates a relatively high stratigraphical position within the Upper Devonian for this locality. This placo-derm group is known only from the Famennian in Europe and North America, but may occur as early as the Givetian in Austra¬ lia.