An efficient one-pot synthesis of industrially valuable primary organic carbamates and N-substituted ureas by a reusable Merrifield anchored iron(ii)-anthra catalyst [FeII(Anthra-Merf)] using urea as a sustainable carbonylation source

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Abstract
An efficient synthesis of primary carbamates and N-substituted ureas is explored with a newly developed heterogeneous polymer supported iron catalyst in the presence of a sustainable carbonylation source. The Merrifield anchored iron(II)-anthra catalyst [FeII(Anthra-Merf)] was synthesized by functionalization of Merrifield polymer followed by grafting of iron metal. The catalyst [FeII(Anthra-Merf)] was characterized by several techniques, like SEM, EDAX, TGA, PXRD, XPS, FTIR, CHN, AAS and UV-Vis analysis. The designed polymer embedded [FeII(Anthra-Merf)] complex is a remarkably successful catalyst for the synthesis of primary organic carbamates and N-substituted ureas by using safe carbonylation agent urea with different derivatives of alcohols and amines, respectively. The reported catalyst is a potential candidate towards contributing a satisfactory yield of isolated products under suitable reaction conditions. The catalyst is recyclable and almost non-leaching in nature after six runs with an insignificant drop in catalytic activity. Thus we found an economical and viable catalyst [FeII(Anthra-Merf)] for primary carbamates and N-substituted urea synthesis under moderate reaction conditions.
Funding Information
  • Anusandhan National Research Foundation (EMR/2016/004956, PDF/2017/000478)
  • Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (37(2)/14/03/2018-BRNS/37003)
  • University Grants Commission (F.4-2/2006 (BSR)/CH/16-17/0026)
  • Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India (02(0284)2016/EMR-II)
  • Department of Science and Technology, Government of West Bengal (91(sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/4G-8/2014)
  • King Saud University (RSP-2019/127)
  • University of Kalyani
  • Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology

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