Dosage form and formulation effects on the bioavailability of vitamin E, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 from multivitamin preparations

Authors:
  • KTK M Thakker
    K M Thakker
  • HSH S Sitren
    H S Sitren
  • GSG L Schmidt
    G L Schmidt
  • TBT G Baumgartner
    T G Baumgartner
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Abstract
The effects of formulation factors and pharmaceutical dosage form on the bioavailability of RRR-alpha-tocopherol (d-alpha-tocopherol), riboflavin, and pyridoxine hydrochloride were studied after administration of two capsule formulations and a tablet to 12 normal humans. Absorption of RRR-alpha-tocopherol was increased from the Aquabiosorb soft elastic gelatin (SEG) capsule formulation compared with the modified standard-SEG capsule and the commercial tablet. There were no significant differences in bioavailability of riboflavin and pyridoxine hydrochloride between the SEG formulation and the tablet albeit a trend toward consistent absorption was seen from the SEG formulation. The modified-SEG formulation exhibited significantly lower bioavailability for these water-soluble vitamins. The enhanced bioavailability of vitamin E and the trend towards faster and more consistent absorption of riboflavin and vitamin B-6 from the SEG formulation may be related to the surfactant vehicle employed and the attendant wetting properties. The results also suggest ethnic differences in vitamin bioavailability.

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