The Role of Photobiomodulation to Modulate Ion Channels in the Nervous System: A Systematic Review

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Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a safe and effective neurotherapy that modulates cellular pathways by altering cell membrane potentials, leading to beneficial biological effects such as anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative responses. This review compiles studies from PubMed up to March 2024, investigating the impact of light at wavelengths ranging from 620 to 1270 nm on ion channels. Out of 330 articles screened, 19 met the inclusion criteria. Research indicates that PBM can directly affect various ion channels by influencing neurotransmitter synthesis in neighboring cells, impacting receptors like glutamate and acetylcholine, as well as potassium, sodium channels, and transient receptor potential channels. The diversity of studies hampers a comprehensive meta-analysis for evaluating treatment strategies effectively. This systematic review aims to explore the potential role of optoelectronic signal transduction in PBM, studying the neurobiological mechanisms and therapeutic significance of PBM on ion channels. However, the lack of uniformity in current treatment methods underscores the necessity of establishing standardized and reliable therapeutic approaches. Graphical Abstract PBM is a promising neurotherapeutic approach with anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative potential through its effects on cell membrane potential and ion channels. This systematic review analyzes 19 studies, revealing its influence on channel activity and emphasizing the need for standardized treatment protocols.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (81820108009, 81820108009)
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC2005200)

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