Cytotoxic Screening and In Vitro Evaluation of Pentadecane AgainstLeishmania infantumPromastigotes and Amastigotes

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Abstract
Pentadecane is an organic compound that is made up of primarily carbon and hydrogen atoms and can be found as floral volatile in different plants. Many essential oils and crude extracts of some plants, containing pentadecane, show an interesting antimicrobial activity. On the basis of absence of the toxicity of pentadecane directed toward eukaryotic cells, the authors investigated in vitro effects of pentadecane in Leishmania infantum parasites. Pentadecane (300 µM) was found to decrease the growth by 86 % both in promastigotes (IC50: 65.3) and amastigotes (IC50: 60.5 µM). This compound also caused a reduction of macrophage infection showing a growth inhibition of 77% at 300 µM.Analysis of propidium iodide incorporation in Leishmania, treated with pentadecane at 48 hours, suggested that cells were arresting in the sub G0/G1 and G1 phase of the cell cycle.Cytotoxicity assay of pentadecane in immortalized cells lines (DH82 and U937) and in primary epithelial cells of Cercopiteco (CPE) showed that i...

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