SOLUBILIZAÇÃO DE FOSFATOS E POTÁSSIO POR BACTÉRIAS RIZOSFÉRICAS - UMA REVISÃO

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Abstract
Phosphorus and potassium are essential chemical elements in the life cycle of plants, considered limiting factors for the development of agriculture. Numerous commercial fertilizers are applied annually in the field, often prolonged and excessively, in order to meet the requirements and high demand of plant production, generating negative impacts on the environment. When applied to the soil, these elements are quickly fixed in clay minerals through chemical reactions, making their absorption by plant roots difficult. As an alternative to the irrational use of chemical inputs, much research is being directed towards the use of bacteria that inhabit the rhizosphere and have the ability to bioavail insoluble macronutrients. In view of this, the objective of this study is to carry out a small review of the literature on phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria, their mechanisms of action and the use as bioinoculants. The scientific articles were selected according to the proposal of this work and through databases from Web Science, Scielo, Google Scholar, Periódico Capes and Scopus. This review presents interesting results on the use and multifunctionality of rhizobacteria, as a low-cost strategy with different ecological applicability that promotes agricultural sustainability.

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