Research on apple surface defect detection based on improved YOLOv8

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Abstract
With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, deep learning methods have been widely used in smart agriculture. With the continuous progress of object detection algorithms, it is a future trend to introduce computer vision methods into smart agriculture. This paper proposes an improved YOLOv8 network model for detecting whether apple is still in a healthy state in smart agriculture systems. By introducing a better backbone network EfficientNet, features can be extracted from the data efficiently. In addition, by introducing a novel WIOU calculation function, the rectangular box can be computed better. In this experiment, the average accuracy of the improved YOLOv8-Enet is mAP0.5 and mAP 0.5:0.95, which are 7.1% and 6.5% higher than that of YOLOv8-base, respectively. The proposed YOLOv8-Enet model can effectively detect apple surface defect and provide theoretical and technical support for future research on vision of smart agriculture

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