This chapter aims to discuss how Islamic green finance can promote the development of sustainable agriculture to attain food security and mitigate climate change. To do so, it will be presented in the following way: Section 2 presents an overview of the major food security issues and agriculture financing sources in the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries. The next section briefly examines the ethical foundations of Islamic green finance. Section 4 discusses how Islamic green finance can promote the development of sustainable and green agriculture to ensure food security in these countries.