Time-Dependent Modeling of Tunnels in Squeezing Conditions

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Abstract
The numerical analysis of tunnels in rock masses, which exhibit a squeezing behavior, is considered, with reference to the use of two elastoviscoplastic constitutive laws implemented in finite-difference and finite-element codes. Because of the fact that in the most severe squeezing conditions time dependence is observed during excavation and may last for a long time, both the reinforcement of the tunnel face and the support of the tunnel section are to be considered at the design and construction stages. As a consequence, the need arises to analyze the tunnel excavation-construction sequence in detail and to account for time-dependent behavior. Numerical analyses have been carried with the Saint Martin La Porte access adit, along the Lyon-Turin Base Tunnel, taken as a case study. The interest stems from the performance monitoring data available for a significant tunnel length in the carboniferous formation, which exhibits a severely squeezing behavior. Also of interest is the adoption of a novel ...

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