The Thermodynamics of Translesion DNA Synthesis Past Major Adducts of Enantiomeric Analogues of Antitumor Cisplatin

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Abstract
The PtII‐coordination complex [PtCl2(DAB)] (DAB=2,3‐diaminobutane) belongs to a class of cytotoxic cisplatin analogues that contain chiral diamine ligands. Enantiomeric pairs of these compounds have attracted particular interest because they have different effects on different DNA conformations, which, in turn, influences the binding of damaged‐DNA‐processing enzymes that control downstream effects of the adducts, and thus exhibit different biological activities of the enantiomers. Herein, we studied the translesion synthesis across the major 1,2‐d(GG) intrastrand cross‐link formed by the R,R and S,S enantiomers of [Pt(DAB)]2+ in the TGGT sequence by using the enzyme that catalyzes the polymerization of deoxyribonucleotides into a DNA strand. We also employed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure the thermodynamic changes associated with replication‐bypass past 1,2‐d(GG) adducts of the [Pt(DAB)]2+ enantiomers. In the sequence TGGT, the 1,2‐d(GG) intrastrand cross‐links that were formed by the enantiomeric pairs of [Pt(DAB)]2+ inhibited DNA polymerization in a chirality‐dependent manner. The thermodynamic data helped to understand the effect of the alterations in thermodynamic stability of DNA caused by the Pt‐d(GG) adducts upon DNA polymerization across these lesions. Moreover, these data can possibly explain the influence of these alterations on the ability of many DNA polymerases to bypass adducts of antitumor platinum drugs. These results also highlighted the usefulness of DSC in evaluating the impact of DNA adducts of platinum‐coordinated compounds on the processing of these lesions by damaged‐DNA processing‐enzymes.

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