Mechanism of oxygen reactions at porous oxide electrodes. Part 1.—Oxygen evolution at RuO2 and RuxSn1–xO2 electrodes in alkaline solution under vigorous electrolysis conditions

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Abstract
The electrocatalytic performance and long-term stability of thermally prepared RuO2 and RuxSn1–xO2 anodes with respect to oxygen evolution under vigorous electrolysis conditions in strongly alkaline solution at elevated temperature has been investigated. Factors affecting the electrocatalytic activity have been elucidated and novel oxygen-evolution and oxide-dissolution mechanisms in terms of reactive oxyruthenium surface groups are proposed.