Lysine‐Based Flame‐Retardant/Graphene Oxide Hybrid for Simultaneous Enhancement of Flame Retardancy and Toughness in Polylactide

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Abstract
Polylactide (PLA), as a prominent bio‐based polymer, has garnered significant interest. However, its high flammability and inherent brittleness hinder broader applications. While bio‐based flame‐retardant systems have been developed to preserve PLA's environmental compatibility, the associated degradation of mechanical performance remains a critical limitation. This study addresses these challenges by engineering a bio‐based flame‐retardant hybrid composed of DL (synthesized from lysine and diethylenetriamine penta‐methylenephosphonic acid via aqueous‐phase chemistry) and graphene oxide (GO). To enhance dispersion within the PLA matrix, GO was surface‐functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The resulting PLA composite exhibits synergistic enhancements in flame retardancy, mechanical robustness, and UV shielding. PLA/4PEG‐0.08GO/6DL achieves the UL‐94 V‐0 rating, the LOI value of 29.7%. Moreover, the impact strength was improved by 27.5% compared with pure PLA, and Young's modulus is increased from 3401 to 3630 MPa. In addition, the significantly improved UPF value and hydrolytic degradation behavior indicated its good anti‐UV property and environmental friendliness. These results demonstrate the hybrid system's potential to balance sustainability, safety, and performance for advanced PLA applications.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (52073246)

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