The Association of Serum IL‐10 Levels with the Disease Activity in Systemic‐Onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients

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Abstract
Objectives. Interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) has been suggested as a biomarker of disease activity in patients with adult‐onset Still’s disease (AOSD). In this study, we evaluated the serum IL‐10 levels and investigated its clinical relevance in systemic‐onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA). Methods. IL‐10 levels were determined in 21 patients diagnosed with SoJIA and 35 patients with fever diseases which were suspected as SoJIA, and IL‐10 levels were compared between SoJIA patients with regard to disease activity, disease courses, and other biomarkers. Results. Patients with SoJIA had significantly higher levels of IL‐10 compared to patients with other febrile diseases. The serum levels of IL‐10 were significantly higher in active SoJIA compared to inactive and positively correlated with known disease activity markers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C‐reactive protein level (CRP), ferritin (FER), and IL‐6 levels. Moreover, the levels of IL‐10 at diagnosis were significantly higher in SoJIA patients with a nonmonocyclic pattern than in patients with a monocyclic pattern. Compared to CRP, ESR, FER, and IL‐6, IL‐10 levels were superior in predicting monocyclic patients from nonmonocyclic patients. Conclusion. Compared to other febrile diseases, SoJIA patients have markedly higher levels of IL‐10 which may assist with diagnosis. And a clear association of serum IL‐10 levels with disease activity and disease courses in SoJIA was found. These results suggest that serum IL‐10 might be a reliable clinical marker in SoJIA.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20202BAB216011, 20202BBGL73024)
  • National Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province (20202BAB216011, 20202BBGL73024)

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