The complexity of checkers on an N × N board

Authors:
  • AFA. S. Fraenkel
    A. S. Fraenkel
  • MGM. R. Garey
    M. R. Garey
  • DJD. S. Johnson
    D. S. Johnson
  • TST. Schaefer
    T. Schaefer
  • YYY. Yesha
    Y. Yesha

Abstract
We consider the game of Checkers generalized to an N × N board. Although certain properties of positions are efficiently computable (e.g., can Black jump all of White's pieces in a single move?), the general question, given a position, of whether a specified player can force a win against best play by his opponent, is shown to be PSPACE-hard. Under certain reasonable assumptions about the "drawing rule" in force, the problem is itself in PSPACE and hence is PSPACE-complete.

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