A Qualitative Exploration of Student Perceptions on the Use of AI in an Undergraduate Nursing Research Course

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Abstract
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into nursing education, yet limited research exists on students' perceptions of AI use in nursing research courses. This study explored undergraduate nursing students' experiences using AI tools (ChatGPT and U-M GPT) in research courses. Method: This qualitative descriptive study used Braun and Clarke's six-step thematic analysis. Data were collected through anonymous written reflections from students enrolled in nursing research courses at two universities. Results: Five key themes emerged: (1) mixed initial perceptions; (2) shifting final perceptions; (3) AI strengths and limitations; (4) ethical concerns; and (5) use of AI in health care. Participants noted the potential of AI to enhance efficiency and provide feedback but expressed concerns about reliability, ethical use, and overreliance. Conclusion: Structured exposure to AI fostered positive perceptions of AI as a learning tool. Findings highlight the need for ethical frameworks and guidelines to support responsible integration, with future research exploring AI literacy and its implications for nursing education.

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