Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. from Matmata, Tunisia: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

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Abstract
Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. essential oil was constituted by thymol (89.06%) as a major component followed by p -cimene (5.04%) and γ-terpinene (3.19%) after analysis by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activity assays of the essential oil used in the inhibition of the radical cation 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) and the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl showed high 50% inhibitory concentration values of 1.24 ± 0.05 mg/L and 0.59 ± 0.02 mg/L, respectively. The essential oil of T. capitatus was tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria ( Salmonella analum , Listeria monocytogenes ), Gram-negative bacteria ( Escherchia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae ), fungi ( Mucor ramamnianus , Aspergillus ochraceus ), and yeast species ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans ) using the agar well diffusion method. It seemed that L. monocytogenes , E. coli , and K. pneumoniae bacteria were inhibited by the essential oil tested. A strong activity was also observed against fungi and yeasts.

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