Antimicrobial Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Fungus Spiromastix sp. SCSIO F190

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Abstract
Three diphenyl ethers (1-3) and a cyclopentenone (4), together with seven known compounds (5-11), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the marine sediment-derived fungus Spiromastix sp. SCSIO F190. Compounds 3 and 4 were found to exist as a pair of atropisomers (3a, 3b) and racemates (4a, 4b), respectively. The planar structures of compounds 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HRESIMS data sets. The absolute configurations of 2 and 3 were determined by spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, whereas the configuration of 4 was determined by spectroscopic and chiral analyses. All compounds, except for 4 and 11, displayed activities against various pathogenic bacteria. Notably, compounds 1-4, especially 1, exhibited strong activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, and Bacillus subtilis BS01, with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 4 μg/mL. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship analyses of the active compounds and their analogues revealed the critical structural features correlating to the observed antimicrobial activities, herein providing insights for antimicrobial drug development.
Funding Information
  • Shenzhen Bay Laboratory (SZBL2021080601006)
  • Government of Guangdong Province (2019B030302004)
  • Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province (ZDKJ202018)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (22037006, 22177117, U2106207)
  • Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2020B1111030005)
  • China Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition Award (NSJL202102)
  • Local Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team Project of Guangdong (2019BT02Y262)
  • Nansha District Science and technology award

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