A Novel Algorithm for Locating Faults on Transposed/Untransposed Transmission Lines Without Utilizing Line Parameters

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Abstract
This paper puts forward a novel algorithm for locating faults on power transmission lines without requiring line parameters. The algorithm utilizes unsynchronized measurements of voltages and currents from both ends of a transmission line and is formulated in terms of the fundamental frequency phasors of the measured signals. Both prefault and postfault phasors are processed for determining the sought distance to fault and the synchronization angle. The calculations are performed initially for a lumped parameter line model with neglecting shunt capacitance. Then, these results are used as starting values for an iterative process, where the impacts of the shunt capacitance of the line are considered. The proposed two-stage fault-location algorithm is applicable for transposed and untransposed transmission lines and is independent of the fault resistance and source impedances. Evaluation studies using reliable Alternate Transients Program-Electromagentic Transients Program simulation data verify that the proposed algorithm can yield quite accurate results.

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