Assessment of Second Primary Cancer Risk Among Men Receiving Primary Radiotherapy vs Surgery for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer

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Abstract
Localized prostate cancer is a distinctly preference-sensitive condition because radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and, in some cases, active surveillance have equivalent long-term cancer-specific outcomes.1 The risk profiles of each treatment option differ; therefore, shared decision-making is an important part of the prostate cancer treatment approach.1 Patients need to feel confident in understanding how the risks and benefits pertain to them. Given that all treatment options are associated with excellent prostate cancer–specific mortality rates,2 discussion of the potential adverse effects of surgical procedures and radiotherapy is especially important to help patients select treatment that best suits their goals.

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