Fluoxetine Inhibits Inflammatory Response and Bone Loss in a Rat Model of Ligature‐Induced Periodontitis

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Abstract
Background: Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has been found recently to possess anti‐inflammatory properties. The present study investigates the effects of fluoxetine on inflammatory tissue destruction in a rat model of ligature‐induced periodontal disease.Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 10 animals per group): 1) control rats (without ligature); 2) rats with ligature + placebo (saline; oral gavage); and 3) rats with ligature + fluoxetine (20 mg/kg/day in saline; oral gavage). Histologic analyses were performed on the furcation region and mesial aspect of mandibular first molars of rats sacrificed at 15 days after ligature‐induced periodontal disease. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and zymography were performed to analyze the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)‐1β, cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 and inducible nitric oxide synthase and the MMP‐9 activity, respectively, in gingival tissues samples.Results: Compared to the ligature + placebo group, alveolar bone loss was reduced in the fluoxetine group (P P Conclusion: In the present study, fluoxetine suppresses the inflammatory response and protects against periodontal bone resorption and destruction of collagen fibers, suggesting that fluoxetine can constitute a promising therapeutic approach for periodontal diseases.
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  • Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (4073/08‐8)

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