A Content Analysis of Web Pages on “Weight-Loss Injections”

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Abstract
Objective: In recent years, injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have gained widespread attention due to their effectiveness in obesity management. However, these agents are frequently presented in media using simplified and misleading terminology such as “weight loss injections,” which may create unrealistic expectations and encourage inappropriate or off-label use. This study aimed to evaluate the content and characteristics of online information about weight-loss injections from a public health and ethical health communication perspective.Methods: This descriptive study employed qualitative content analysis of publicly accessible Turkish-language web pages. Data were collected between October and November 2025 using a Google search. Web pages published by private hospitals, private clinics, blogs, and news websites that provided informational or promotional content were included. Textual content was analyzed for the presence of medical indications, contraindications, complications, and side effects, prescription warnings, scientific references, emphasis on medical supervision, and recommendations for lifestyle modification. Visual content was assessed in terms of gender representation, depicted body type, and the use of symbolic elements such as pen needles. Quantitative findings were summarized descriptively, and inductive qualitative analysis was conducted to identify prominent themes.Results: A total of 44 web pages were analyzed. Scientific references and warnings that the product should be obtained by prescription were frequently absent. Although most pages emphasized medical supervision and lifestyle changes, information on indications and contraindications was often incomplete. Visual analysis showed a predominance of female and normal-weight body representations, potentially reinforcing narrow body ideals. Qualitative analysis identified themes including medical legitimacy, social media influence, psychological risks, and concerns regarding unauthorized access.Conclusion: Online content related to “weight loss injections” demonstrates significant scientific, ethical, and communicative shortcomings. Improving the quality of digital health communication and reframing these agents as medical treatments rather than cosmetic solutions is
Funding Information
  • This study did not receive any financial support or funding from any source.

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