The widespread use of petroleum and its derivatives has led to substantial environmental contamination through extraction, processing, transport, and utilization of this fuel. Despite exposure to toxic stress, some microorganisms can tolerate these conditions, and those capable of rapid pollutant decomposition are more likely to survive. This is a report on the members of the microbial community in soil polluted with petroleum and its derivatives, outlining the physicochemical and biological characteristics of these unique habitats. Most of the examined bacteria showed sensitivity only to higher concentrations of heavy metals, indicating their resistance and adaptation to high concentrations of these metals. The clustering analysis aligned with the phylogenetic diversity of strains, with strains exhibiting the highest bioremediation capabilities, such as Planomicrobium sp. RNP01 and Planococcus sp. RNP07 and Rhodococcus sp. RNP05 clustered tightly.