Low volume intercostal injection. A comparative study in patients and cadavers

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Abstract
Summary: This study compared the spread of 3 ml of a solution of bupivacaine‐methylene blue in the intercostal space of patients and cadavers. There were 51 successful injections in each group which demonstrated in 86% of patient injections and 84% of cadaver injections that spread was confined to one intercostal space. Spread was more extensive in cadavers, probably as a result of autolysis. It would therefore still appear necessary, when low volumes of local anaesthetic are used, to block each intercostal nerve individually.

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