Facile modulation of hierarchical structures in biomass-derived carbon via metal–organic framework-mediated assembly for enhanced oxygen and carbon dioxide reduction reactions

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Abstract
A MOF-mediated Structural Modulation of biomass-derived carbon into flower-like architectures, achieving ORR activity (0.83V vs. RHE) comparable to Pt/C and enabling uniform Ni doping for CO2 electroreduction. This design delivers >91% FECO at-1.0 V vs RHE with 84.8% stability over 48-hour operation, outperforming irregular morphologies.

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