Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the sublingual space: a case report

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Abstract
Introduction and importance: Extraosseous mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MCS) arising in the salivary space is an exceptionally rare malignancy, with only a few cases reported. The rarity of this entity poses significant challenges for clinicians. Case presentation: A 24-year-old female presented with a progressively enlarging mass in the floor of the mouth. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a heterogeneously enhancing mass in the left sublingual space with involvement of the genioglossus muscle. Wide local excision via a mandibulotomy approach was performed, with reconstruction using an anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap. Clinical discussion: Surgical management of MCS in the oral cavity requires careful consideration of the approach and reconstructive options. The mandibulotomy approach provided excellent exposure for complete resection. Reconstruction with an ALT free flap offered soft-tissue coverage with satisfactory functional and esthetic outcomes. Conclusion: This case represents a primary MCS in the sublingual space. Complete surgical resection with long-term surveillance is essential to ensure survival and prevent recurrence.

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