Analysis of Dopamine and Tyrosinase Activity on Ion‐Sensitive Field‐Effect Transistor (ISFET) Devices

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Abstract
Dopamine (1) and tyrosinase (TR) activities were analyzed by using chemically modified ion‐sensitive field‐effect transistor (ISFET) devices. In one configuration, a phenylboronic acid functionalized ISFET was used to analyze 1 or TR. The formation of the boronate–1 complex on the surface of the gate altered the electrical potential associated with the gate, and thus enabled 1 to be analyzed with a detection limit of 7×10−5 M. Similarly, the TR‐induced formation of 1, and its association with the boronic acid ligand allowed a quantitative assay of TR to be performed. In another configuration, the surface of the ISFET gate was modified with tyramine or 1 to form functional surfaces for analyzing TR activities. The TR‐induced oxidation of the tyramine‐ or 1‐functionalized ISFETs resulted in the formation of the redox‐active dopaquinone units. The control of the gate potential by the redox‐active dopaquinone units allowed a quantitative assay of TR to be performed. The dopaquinone‐functionalized ISFETs could be regenerated to give the 1‐modified sensing devices by treatment with ascorbic acid.

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