Prognostic factors in phyllodes tumours of the breast: retrospective study on 166 consecutive cases

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Abstract
Background Phyllodes tumours (PTs) are rare fibroepithelial tumours accounting for Methods Patients diagnosed with PT between 2001 and 2018 at our institution were identified. Clinical, surgical and pathological features were collected. Phyllodes-related relapse was defined as locoregional or distant recurrence (contralateral excluded), whichever first. Results A total of 166 patients were included: 115 with benign, 30 with borderline and 21 with malignant PTs. Features associated with malignant PT were younger age, larger T size, higher mitotic count, marked cytological atypia, stromal overgrowth, stromal hypercellularity, necrosis and heterologous differentiation (all p2% vs≤2%). Overall, four patients died because of PT: three patients with malignant and one with borderline PT. Conclusions Patients with malignant PT had increased rates of phyllodes-related relapse and phyllodes-related death. Cellular atypia and heterologous differentiation were poor prognostic factors in the entire cohort; large tumour size was associated with an increased risk of phyllodes-related relapse in benign PT.

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