SnBi Catalytic Grown on Copper Foam by Co-Electrodeposition for Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate
Open Access
Abstract
The efficient electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate under mild conditions is a promising approach to mitigate the energy crisis, but requires the use of high-performance catalysts. The selectivity and activity of catalysts can be enhanced through multi-metal doping, further advancing the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate. This study demonstrates a co-electrodeposition strategy for synthesizing SnBi electrocatalysts on pretreated copper foam substrates, systematically evaluating how the Sn2+/Bi3+ molar ratio in the electrodeposition solution and the applied current density affect the catalytic performance for CO2-to-formate conversion. Optimal performance was achieved with a molar ratio of Sn2+ to Bi3+ of 1:0.5 and a deposition current density of 3 mA cm−2, resulting in a formate Faradaic efficiency (FEformate) of 97.80% at −1.12 V (vs. RHE) and a formate current density of 26.9 mA·cm−2. Furthermore, the Sn1Bi0.50-3 mA·cm−2 electrode demonstrated stable operation at the specified potential for 9 h, maintaining a FEformate above 90%. Compared to previously reported metal catalysts, the SnBi catalytic electrode exhibits superior performance for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to HCOOH. The study highlights the significant impact of the metal ion molar ratio and deposition current density in the electrodeposition process on the characteristics and catalytic performance of the electrode.Keywords
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