Oral keratinocytes derived from the peritonsillar mucosa express the proinflammatory cytokine IL‐6 without prior stimulation

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Abstract
The aim of the present study is to examine the cytokine expression and corresponding receptor pattern of human oral mucosa‐derived keratinocytes. The mRNA expression of these cytokines from isolated and purified cells was measured by a RT‐PCR method, the protein production by ELISA, and the receptor expression was determined by FACS analysis. In freshly isolated oral keratinocytes, IL‐1α, IL‐1α receptor antagonist, IL‐6, IL‐8, TGF‐β, TNF‐α, and bFGF were detectable at the protein and mRNA level, whereas PDGF and TGF‐α were found only at the mRNA level. There were no detectable signals for IL‐2 and IL‐4. The cytokine production at the protein level was independent from stimulation with PMA (phorbol myristate acetate). Unstimulated commercially available and primary isolated epidermal keratinocytes showed similar cytokine pattern except a lack of IL‐6. FACS analysis revealed receptor expression on oral keratinocytes for IL‐1, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, EGF, IFN‐γ, and PDGF. In addition, receptor mRNA for IL‐8, TNF‐α, FGF‐2 and KGF could be detected, but not for IL‐10. Our results show that human oral keratinocytes produce a cytokine panel comparable to epidermal keratinocytes. In contrast to the epidermis, IL‐6 was produced by human oral keratinocytes constitutively without prior stimulation, which may indicate their active regulation role in the maintenance of the oral mucosa.

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