Host adaptation and microbial competition drive Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype I evolution in the Republic of Korea

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Abstract
Bacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) threatens the cultivation of important crops worldwide. We sequenced 30 RSSC phylotype I ( R. pseudosolanacearum ) strains isolated from pepper (Capsicum annuum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) across the Republic of Korea. These isolates span the diversity of phylotype I, have extensive effector repertoires and are subject to frequent recombination. Recombination hotspots among South Korean phylotype I isolates include multiple predicted contact-dependent inhibition loci, suggesting that microbial competition plays a significant role in Ralstonia evolution. Rapid diversification of secreted effectors presents challenges for the development of disease-resistant plant varieties. We identified potential targets for disease resistance breeding by testing for allele-specific host recognition of T3Es present among South Korean phyloype I isolates. The integration of pathogen population genomics and molecular plant pathology contributes to the development of location-specific disease control and development of plant cultivars with durable resistance to relevant threats.
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Funding Information
  • Plant Molecular Breeding Center, Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (PJ01317501)
  • Creative-Pioneering Researchers, Seoul National University
  • Marsden Fast-Start, Royal Society of New Zealand (MAU1709)
  • Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea Ministry of Science and ICT (2018R1A5A1023599)
  • National Research Foundation, Republic of Korea Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2019R1A2C2084705)
  • Max Planck Society

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