The changing survivorship of white and black children with leukemia

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Abstract
A study was conducted in metropolitan Baltimore to examine changes in survival of white and black children with acute leukemia from 1960 through 1975. Two-hundred eighty-seven cases were identified, of which 77% were acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Eighty-three percent of all cases occurred in white children. In white children with ALL, two-year survival rates increased from 32% in 1960–64 to 47% in 1965–69, and to 79% in 1970–75 (p < .005). In the small sample of black children with ALL, two-year survival rates increased from 25% in 1960–64 to 59% in 1965–69 (p < .01), with no further increase in 1970–75. For acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), survivorship was analyzed in white children, among whom one-year survival rates increased from 42% in 1965–69 to 71% in 1970–75 (p < .005). The increasingly better survival over time of white children with acute leukemia probably reflects the increasing efficacy of new therapeutic approaches.

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