Cocaine or Methamphetamine Use During Young Adulthood Following Stimulant Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder During Adolescence

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Abstract
The diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and stimulant therapy for ADHD have increased substantially over the past 2 decades.1-3 Although prescription stimulants are effective when used correctly, controversies perplex the clinical and public health fields as prescription stimulants have emerged as a leading controlled medication class misused among US adolescents and young adults.4-6 Along with the increase in prescription stimulant therapy, there has been a 10-fold increase in overall stimulant-related overdose deaths, calling into question the role of prescription stimulants in the initiation of illicit stimulant use.7

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