Development of a New Simulator for Training Nelore Artificial Insemination

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Abstract
Background: Regular training is crucial for student and novice operators conducting artificial insemination to ensure successful cattle reproduction. Standardized repetitions help generate autonomy and self-confidence. It is also essential for proficiency in the technique, assuring consistency and success in the procedure. Training live animals for AI procedures raises ethical concerns and requires a regular supply of animals. Alternatives have been developed, either as manikins or simulators, usually based on Bos taurus genital tracts. Aims: This work aimed to describe the development process of an artificial insemination simulator for Nelore cattle named “Training Artificial Insemination for Nelore” (TrAI4Nel). This simulator enables the effective training of professionals and reduces the number of animals used for this purpose. Methods: The TrAI4Nel simulator was developed using 3D modeling and printing techniques that accurately reproduce the anatomical characteristics of the Nelore reproductive tract. Electronic components were incorporated to provide a realistic simulation and allow real-time procedure evaluation. Results: Throughout the development of this simulator, two main shortcomings have been detected and corrected. Compared with commercially available products, TrAI4Nel incorporates significant innovations. The implemented electronic system provides greater precision in training, simulating the ideal moment for semen deposition, and allowing real-time assessment of the trainee. Conclusions: This simulator can become a valuable tool in professional training. It allows interactive learning and provides a realistic, affordable experience. It also reduces trainees’ emotional stress and animal injuries, emphasizing ethical aspects and efficiency in training in this area.
Funding Information
  • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDP/04923/2020 and UIDP/00772/2020)

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