Monomer‐Isomerization polymerization. XXVIII. Catalytic activity of transition metals and alkylaluminums in monomer‐isomerization polymerization of 2‐butene

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Abstract
Monomer‐isomerization polymerization of cis‐2‐butene (c2B) with Ziegler–Natta catalysts was studied to find a highly active catalyst. Among the transition metals [TiCl3, TiCl4, VCl3, VOCl3, and V (acac)3] and alkylauminums used, TiCl3R3Al (R = C2H5 and i‐C4H9) was found to show a high‐activity for monomer‐isomerization polymerization of c2B. The polymer yield was low with TiCl4(C2H5)3Al catalyst. However, when NiCl2 was added to this catalyst, the polymer yield increased. With TiCl3(C2H5)3Al catalyst, the effect of the Al/Ti molar ratio was observed and a maximum for the polymer yields was obtained at molar ratios of 2.0–3.0, but the isomerization increased as a function of Al/Ti molar ratio. The valence state of titanium on active sites for isomerization and polymerization is discussed.

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