Changes in Distribution of Severe Neurologic Involvement in US Pediatric Inpatients With COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in 2021 vs 2020

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Abstract
In 2020, neurologic involvement in severe acute COVID-19 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was identified in 22% of pediatric patients (365 of 1695) hospitalized at 52 US sites from March to mid-December, and 12% had severe complications.1 In June 2021, the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of SARS-CoV-2 became predominant, causing another surge of US pediatric hospitalizations.2 In 2021, children became eligible for COVID-19 vaccination (May 12, 2021, for adolescents,3 November 2, 2021, for children aged 5-11 years4). This update on the extent of SARS-CoV-2–related neurologic involvement and documented hospital outcomes in US children and adolescents evaluates patients hospitalized during 2021 including their COVID-19 vaccination status. Data for the update came from active surveillance performed at hospitals participating in the Overcoming COVID-19 public health surveillance network (eAppendix in Supplement 1).

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