Innovative Activated Carbon Based on Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) and H3PO4
Open Access
Abstract
In this present work, a novel method for synthesis of palm kernel shell activated carbon was established using DES (choline chloride/urea)/H3PO4 as the activating agent. The pore characterization, morphology, and adsorption properties of the activated carbons were investigated. The activated carbon samples made from the same feedstock at two pyrolysis temperatures (500 and 600 °C) were compared for their ability to adsorb Pb(II) in aqueous solution. The results demonstrated that the production of the activated carbon and adsorptive properties were significantly influenced by the pyrolysis temperature and the ratio of precursor to activating agent. DES/H3PO4 activated carbon (having surface area 1413 m2/g and total pore volume 0.6181 cm3/g) demonstrated good Pb(II) removal. Although all the tested activated carbon samples adsorbed Pb(II) from aqueous solution, they demonstrated different adsorption capabilities according to their various properties. The pyrolysis temperature, however, showed little influence on the activated carbon adsorption of Pb(II) when compared to the impregnation ratio. Their good desorption performance perhaps resulted from the porous structure.Keywords
This publication has 39 references indexed in Scilit:
- Development and Environmental Applications of Activated Carbon ClothsISRN Chemical Engineering, 2013
- Phosphate‐Functionalized Carbon Monoliths from Deep Eutectic Solvents and their Use as Monolithic Electrodes in SupercapacitorsChemSusChem, 2012
- Deep eutectic assisted synthesis of carbon adsorbents highly suitable for low-pressure separation of CO2–CH4 gas mixturesEnergy & Environmental Science, 2012
- Improving the Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Water Using Commercial Carbons Modified with Egg Shell WastesIndustrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2011
- Characteristics of activated carbon prepared from Chinese fir sawdust by zinc chloride activation under vacuum conditionJournal of Central South University of Technology, 2009
- Production of activated carbon from bagasse and rice husk by a single-stage chemical activation method at low retention timesBioresource Technology, 2008
- Pore structure of activated carbon prepared from hazelnut bagasse by chemical activationSurface and Interface Analysis, 2008
- Agricultural residues as precursors for activated carbon production—A reviewRenewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2007
- Characterization of Activated Carbon and Application of Copper Removal from Drinking WaterAnnali di Chimica, 2007
- Surface modification of a granular activated carbon by citric acid for enhancement of copper adsorptionCarbon, 2003