Overexpression of Pim‐1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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Abstract
Background and Objectives: It is well known that provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (Pim‐1) plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Here, we investigated expression of Pim‐1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and assessed the correlation between Pim‐1 level and prognosis of the patients with ESCC.Methods: Expression of Pim‐1 was investigated by RT‐PCR, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization methods. Kaplan–Meier statistics was used to examine the relationship between levels of Pim‐1 and prognosis using log‐rank test.Results: The results demonstrated that ESCC tissues appeared strong expression levels of Pim‐1 mRNA and protein while the normal esophageal tissues were either negative or showed only weak Pim‐1 mRNA and protein levels. In addition, we found that Pim‐1 expression was significantly correlated with histology grade, clinical staging, and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05), but not related to age and sex (all P > 0.05). Furthermore, the results of survival rates analyzed by Kaplan–Meier curve revealed that patients with high Pim‐1 mRNA and protein expressions had a poorer prognosis than those with the low Pim‐1 expression (P = 0.010 and 0.001, respectively).Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that Pim‐1 may be used as molecular marker for predicting the prognosis of patients with ESCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:683–688.

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