The return of the broker: consensus, hierarchy, and choice in South African land reform
Author:
- 3 May 2011
- journal article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
- Vol. 17 (2) , 318-338
Abstract
The broker, a key concept in 1960s and 1970s political anthropology, merits revival in settings of rapid social transition. In South Africa, where state planning directs the course of change while attempting to privilege the market, brokers do not merely negotiate between fixed positionalities of ‘state/market’ and ‘people’. Instead, they embody and bring into being socio‐economic positions and identities. They blend together the egalitarianism and rights‐based character of post‐liberation society with the hierarchy of re‐emerging traditional authority. Drawing on notions of consensus, they embody ‘the people’; drawing on ideas of free choice and enterprise, they embody ‘the market’. Simultaneously they bear the bureaucratic characteristics of ‘the state’. Résumé: Concept central de l'anthropologie politique, le courtier ( broker ) mérite un regain d'intérêt dans les contextes de transition sociale rapide. En Afrique du Sud, où la planification par l'État oriente les changements tout en essayant de privilégier le marché, les courtiers ne font pas que négocier entre les positions fixes de « l'État/le marché» et « les gens ». Ils incarnent, bien plus, des positions et des identités socioéconomiques auxquelles ils donnent vie. Ils mélangent l'égalitarisme et le souci des droits de la société post‐apartheid avec la hiérarchie d'une autorité traditionnelle en voie de réémergence. S'ils jouent sur les notions de consensus, ils incarnent « les gens » ; sur les idées de libre choix et de libre entreprise, ils incarnent « le marché». En même temps, ils arborent les caractéristiques bureaucratiques de « l'État ».Keywords
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