Microbial cultures, especially bacteria, fungi, and yeasts, have been earlier recognized as laboratory hazards dealing with various infectious agents. Microbiological laboratories are often unique, exceptional, and their working environment poses special contagious disease risks to individual workers who are in constant contact with or near them. So far, various reports are available regarding associated laboratory cases of typhoid, glanders, brucellosis, cholera, polio, tetanus, and other such diseases. A published survey of voluntary responses from 88 facilities that were associated with laboratory infection concluded that Shigella was the most common infecting agent, followed by Brucella, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus. Neisseria meningitidis was also perceived as a commonly acquired infection, and therefore the handling of microbial cultures or specimens or the inhalation of dust in the microbial system is strikingly dangerous to laboratory workers. Realizing the need for tackling these hazards, specific biosafety guidelines had been developed nationally and internationally to protect laboratory 148researchers in microbiological laboratories through a medley of biosecurity safeguards. They also include procedures for risk assessment and management techniques besides adopting appropriate laboratory experimental practices. The details of such systems and guidelines shall be elucidated herewith.