Agent Base Models

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Abstract
This chapter explores agent-based models (ABMs) as computational tools for simulating complex systems through autonomous agents and their interactions. We discuss the foundational principles of ABMs and their connection to dynamic systems theory. Applications across socio-physics, such as opinion dynamics, civil unrest, fake news, urban transportation policies, and education, illustrate how micro-level interactions lead to macro-level societal patterns, including Pareto’s laws. In biology, ABMs have proven valuable in modeling medical treatments, such as magnetic fluid hyperthermia, as well as in simulating the spread of diseases like COVID-19. Additionally, dynamical systems such as Lotka-Volterra, when combined with ABMs, can offer complementary insights into complex interactions. Finally, in the economics section, we examine market behaviors, wealth distribution, and strategic interactions, such as the Minority Game. We expect that with these examples, the reader will gain a deeper understanding of how ABMs provide a powerful framework for capturing the emergent behaviors of complex systems across diverse fields.

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