Multiplexed, Wireless, and Contactless Biomechanic Well Plate for Monitoring Cardiac Organoid and 3D-Tissue Contraction

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Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissues provide a physiologically relevant model for human heart function and drug testing, yet scalable and real-time assessment of their contractile performance remains difficult. Here, we report a bio-inspired, ultrasensitive (~5 × 10-4 Pa-1), wireless, non-contact platform for multiplexed measurement of milli-Newton contraction forces from 3D organoids and spheroid-like engineered heart tissues (EHT). Optical imaging validation confirms the platform’s ability to monitor 3D cardiac tissue contractility under diverse conditions, including temperature, drug dosing, and electrical stimulation. Unlike conventional approaches, the system does not require on-sensor cell cultivation, complex fabrication processes, labor-intensive optical data processing, and dedicated setups for external mechanical clamping. The non-contact sensing method eliminates stimulation artifacts, enhances reusability, and enable long-term monitoring. Combined with wireless data transmission and multiplexed array design, the Biomechanical Well Plate (BWP) provides a scalable and cost-effective tool for high-throughput disease modeling and pharmacological screening with 3D cardiac tissues.

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