How to design the perfect lecture
Author:
Open Access
- 1 January 2026
- journal article
- Published by IOP Publishing in Europhysics Letters
- Vol. 153 (1) , 10001
Abstract
Lectures are the backbone of undergraduate physics education and are likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. This means it is important that they provide the best possible educational experience for our students. A lecture can be defined as the gathering of students (typically in large numbers) in the same place and at the same time, for a teaching event led by an expert in the subject of study. However, the exact form that a lecture takes can vary widely. It may consist primarily of a didactic monologue from the lecturer, or it may involve students doing substantial amounts of discussing and problem solving, and anything in between. This variation has been accelerated in recent decades with the use of technology offering easy access to new pedagogies, together with the introduction of flipped and active learning approaches. In this article, I will first review the evidence for what makes teaching lectures effective from the field of physics education research. I will then focus on three key elements of a lecture which should be considered in order to optimise the learning and engagement of students: interactions between teacher and students, interactions between the students in small groups and the student experience of the lecture.Keywords
This publication has 29 references indexed in Scilit:
- Class size effects in higher education: Differences across STEM and non-STEM fieldsEconomics of Education Review, 2021
- Developing the FILL+ Tool to Reliably Classify Classroom Practices Using Lecture RecordingsJournal for STEM Education Research, 2021
- Measuring actual learning versus feeling of learning in response to being actively engaged in the classroomProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019
- Reassessing the value of university lecturesTeaching in Higher Education, 2016
- What’s in a Name: Exposing Gender Bias in Student Ratings of TeachingInnovative Higher Education, 2014
- Motivation and cognitive load in the flipped classroom: definition, rationale and a call for researchHigher Education Research & Development, 2014
- Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematicsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014
- Massification in higher education: large classes and student learningHigher Education, 2014
- Individual Differences in Numeracy and Cognitive Reflection, with Implications for Biases and Fallacies in Probability JudgmentJournal of Behavioral Decision Making, 2011
- A study of teaching presence and student sense of learning community in fully online and web-enhanced college coursesThe Internet and Higher Education, 2006