Systematic DIAL lidar monitoring of the stratospheric ozone vertical distribution at Observatoire de Haute-Provence (43.92°N, 5.71°E)

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Abstract
Long term stratospheric DIAL (Differential Absorption Lidar) ozone lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) measurements have been performed at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP) since 1985 and as part of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Changes (NDSC) since 1991. This paper provides a detailed description of the DIAL lidar instrument implemented at OHP and a discussion of the ozone retrieval analysis. The instrument includes the detection of atmospheric nitrogen Raman scattering wavelengths, which is required for ozone measurements in the presence of strong volcanic aerosol loading. A comprehensive evaluation of the error budget in the 10–50 km altitude range is performed with particular emphasis on the bias associated with background and volcanic stratospheric aerosol. This bias is evaluated using ancillary measurements of the aerosol size distribution obtained from 1991 to 1999 after the Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption. Results show that the bias associated with background aerosols is smaller than 1% above 13 km while the bias due to volcanic aerosols reaches a maximum of 5% above 15 km in the DIAL Raman ozone retrieval. In background aerosol conditions the total accuracy of the DIAL ozone vertical distribution at OHP ranges from 5% below 20 km to 15–30% above 45 km with a vertical resolution varying from 0.5 km to 5 km.