Immediate satisfaction of children undergoing endodontic treatment or extraction of primary molars: a structural equation modelling analysis

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Abstract
Purpose: To identify the factors associated with children’s immediate satisfaction following invasive dental procedures (endodontic treatment and tooth extraction) and to compare satisfaction levels between treatment modalities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 111 children aged 5–10 years and their caregivers. Fifty-six children underwent endodontic treatment and 55 underwent extraction of primary molars. Children’s immediate satisfaction was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioural variables were incorporated into a structural equation model (SEM) to investigate their direct and indirect effects on satisfaction. Results: The SEM demonstrated an adequate fit to the data. Self-reported pain was significantly negatively associated with children’s satisfaction [standardised coefficient (SC) = − 0.389]. Child age (SC = 0.229), caregiver anxiety (SC = − 0.189), and self-reported pain (SC = − 0.465) showed significant effects on children’s behaviour during treatment. However, child behaviour was not significantly associated with satisfaction (SC = 0.098). The type of invasive procedure performed (endodontic treatment or extraction) did not influence satisfaction levels. Conclusions: Children’s immediate satisfaction with invasive dental procedures was primarily associated with their perception of pain. Although child behaviour was influenced by age, caregiver anxiety, and self-reported pain, it was not associated with satisfaction.

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