Healing the Healers: Understanding Second Victim Syndrome and Resilience Among Critical Care Nurses in Oman

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Abstract
Background: Critical care nurses often experience second victim syndrome (SVS), characterized by psychological distress stemming from adverse patient incidents, which can negatively impact their mental health and performance. This study investigates the relationship between SVS and resilience among critical care nurses in Oman. Methods: A descriptive correlational research design was employed with a convenience sample of 199 critical care nurses. Data were collected through an online survey using the Second Victim Experience and Support Survey (SVEST) and the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale (RMRS). Results: The study found a mean SVS score of 50.65 (SD = 13.71). Age was significantly correlated with SVS ( F = 3.11, p = 0.027), revealing that younger nurses reported higher levels of SVS. A linear regression analysis showed a significant positive association between resilience and SVS ( β = 0.197, p = 0.005). Discussion: Despite some resilience, nurses remain vulnerable to emotional distress, largely due to demanding work environments and the cultural stigma surrounding vulnerability. Conclusion: Comprehensive support systems, including mentorship, debriefing sessions, and peer support, are crucial for enhancing emotional well‐being and improving patient care outcomes among critical care nurses in Oman.

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