Behavioral barriers in the implementation of innovation policy: mechanisms for overcoming them and assessing the impact of investments in science on economic growth

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Abstract
The aim of the study is to identify mechanisms for overcoming resistance to innovation, considering behavioral factors and assessing the impact of investments in science on economic growth. The research methodology includes economic and statistical methods, including the calculation of Pearson pair correlation coefficients to analyze the relationship between GDP, the production of innovative goods and services, expenditures on civil science and R&D costs (including for fundamental and applied research), a comparative analysis of international practices in stimulating innovation (China, USA, Germany, Japan, Israel, South Korea, USSR, Russia). Data sources: statistics from Rosstat and the United Nations, open sources on priorities of innovation policies, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. Main results: a high correlation was found between R&D costs and GDP (r=0.99), as well as the production of innovative goods (r=0.99), investments in basic research have a stronger impact on GDP (r=0.94), applied research on the production of innovative products (r=0.92). Based on the analysis of the experience and priorities of countries with high innovation potential, the directions of transformation of state innovation policy were determined, considering the impact of behavioral distortions. Scope of application: government innovation policy, science support programs, behavioral design tools, technology transfer, educational programs. Conclusions. For GDP growth and technological sovereignty, it is necessary to combine the financing of science with consideration of behavioral mechanisms.

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