Extract of Indigofera spicata Exerts Antiproliferative Effects on Human Colorectal and Ovarian Carcinoma Cells

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Abstract
Metabolic anticancer therapy based on enzymatic arginine (Arg) deprivation (ADT) is currently being evaluated in clinical trials. The combination of ADT with low doses of the plant cytotoxic analogs of Arg, canavanine (Cav) or indospicine (Isp), have been proposed as being more efficient and selective against malignant cells. The leguminous plant Indigofera spicata contains one of the highest known amounts of Isp. Here we demonstrate for the first time that the Isp-containing ethanolic extract from I. spicata is growth-inhibiting and toxic for cultured human colorectal and ovarian carcinoma cells. The extract reduces the viability of colorectal carcinoma cells two-fold under Arg-deficient conditions and entirely abrogates their residual proliferative potential (growth recovery) after the treatment. Pre-exposure of the extract to recombinant human arginase I (rhARGI) as a therapeutic Arg-depleting agent did not impact the extract’s efficacy. Further development of Isp as a component of combinatorial anticancer metabolic targeting strategies is discussed.
Funding Information
  • “Presidential Discretionary-Ukraine Support Grants” from Simons Foundation (SFI-PD-Ukraine-00014576, 0124U003831, 01DK24023, 0124U003964)
  • National Research Foundation of Ukraine (NRFU) project N 2023.04/0048 (SFI-PD-Ukraine-00014576, 0124U003831, 01DK24023, 0124U003964)
  • BMBF/BMFTR (SFI-PD-Ukraine-00014576, 0124U003831, 01DK24023, 0124U003964)
  • MES of Ukraine (SFI-PD-Ukraine-00014576, 0124U003831, 01DK24023, 0124U003964)

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