International Trade of Selected Agri-Food Products Between Poland and the Czech Republic

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Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze and assess the development of trade in agri-food products between Poland and the Czech Republic in 2014-2023. The study focuses on the identification of key product groups, analysis of the competitiveness of Polish exports and the impact of non-tariff barriers on trade dynamics. The study uses basic methods of statistical analysis, relying on data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. The analysis covers both the scale of trade turnover and its structure, taking into account the main determinants of trade, such as regulatory policy, consumer preferences and Poland's integration with the European Union. The most important conclusions indicate a dynamic growth of Polish agri-food exports to the Czech Republic, especially in the poultry meat, dairy and pork sectors. Despite the tightening of administrative requirements in the Czech Republic after 2016, Poland has maintained its competitiveness through flexible adaptation strategies and the use of cost advantages. Key implications include the need to further diversify exports, analyzing the impact of EU trade policy on bilateral trade and monitoring potential regulatory risks. The results obtained can provide a basis for further research on the adaptation mechanisms of Polish exporters in the face of a changing market environment and for the formulation of trade policy recommendations.

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